Sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu zikoreshwa mu kuzimya umuriro yatejwe imbere hakurikijwe urwego rw’igihugu “Sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu z’umuriro”.Amashanyarazi nyamukuru hamwe no kugarura amashanyarazi ibikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro bigaragazwa mugihe nyacyo, kugirango hamenyekane niba ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi bifite ingufu zirenze urugero, amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi menshi, imiyoboro ifunguye, umuzunguruko mugufi no kubura amakosa yicyiciro.Iyo habaye ikosa, irashobora kwerekana byihuse kandi ikandika aho biherereye, ubwoko bwigihe nigihe cyamakosa kuri moniteur, kandi igatanga ibimenyetso byumvikana kandi byerekana amashusho, bityo bikaremeza neza ko sisitemu yo guhuza umuriro mugihe umuriro ubaye.Mu myaka yashize, ahantu henshi hanini, nko gutura mu bucuruzi n’ahantu ho kwidagadurira, hashyizweho uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro cyangwa sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza umuriro, sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro, n’ibindi, cyane cyane mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano w’inyubako.None, ni bangahe uzi kuri sisitemu yo gukurikirana ingufu z'ibikoresho by'umuriro?Xiaobian ikurikira izamenyekanisha ibikorwa byingenzi, ibisabwa byo kwishyiriraho, tekinoroji yubwubatsi namakosa asanzwe ya sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu kubikoresho byumuriro.
Ibikorwa byingenzi bya sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu kubikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro
1. Igenzura-nyaryo: agaciro ka buri kintu cyakurikiranwe kiri mu gishinwa, kandi indangagaciro zinyuranye zerekanwa mugihe nyacyo kubice;
2. Amateka yanditse: kubika no gucapa amakuru yose yo gutabaza namakosa kandi birashobora kubazwa intoki;
3. Gukurikirana no gutera ubwoba: kwerekana aho amakosa ari mu gishinwa, kandi wohereze ibimenyetso byerekana amajwi n'amatara icyarimwe;
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5. Amashanyarazi akomatanyirijwe hamwe: Tanga ingufu za DC24V kumashanyarazi kugirango umenye imikorere ya sisitemu ihamye kandi yizewe;
6. Guhuza sisitemu: gutanga ibimenyetso byo guhuza hanze;
7. Sisitemu yububiko: iherekeza hamwe na mudasobwa yakiriye, kwagura uturere, sensor, nibindi, kandi byoroshye gukora umuyoboro munini wo gukurikirana.
Ibisabwa kugirango ushyire ibikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro sisitemu yo gukurikirana ingufu
1. Kwishyiriraho monite bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa byihariye.
2. Birabujijwe rwose gukoresha icyuma cyamashanyarazi kumurongo nyamukuru uyobora umurongo wa monitor, kandi kigomba guhuzwa neza n’amashanyarazi;amashanyarazi nyamukuru agomba kuba afite ibimenyetso bigaragara bihoraho.
3. Terminal ifite urwego rutandukanye rwa voltage, ibyiciro bitandukanye byubu nibikorwa bitandukanye imbere ya monitor bigomba gutandukana kandi bikamenyekana neza.
4. Rukuruzi hamwe nuyobora ubuzima bwambaye ubusa bigomba kwemeza intera itekanye, kandi sensor hamwe nicyuma cyiza igomba guhagarara neza.
5. Ibyuma bifata amajwi mukarere kamwe bigomba gushyirwa hagati mumasanduku ya sensor, bigashyirwa hafi yisanduku yo kugabura, kandi bigashyirwa kumurongo wihuza hamwe nagasanduku.
6. Rukuruzi (cyangwa agasanduku k'icyuma) igomba gushyigikirwa yigenga cyangwa igashyirwaho, igashyirwaho neza, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo gukumira ubushuhe no kwangirika.
7. Umugozi uhuza uruziga rusohoka rwa sensor rugomba gukoresha insinga zifatanije-umuringa wintoki hamwe nu gice cyambukiranya igice kitari munsi ya 1.0 m2, kandi kigomba gusiga intera iri munsi ya mm 150, nimpera zayo bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso.
8. Iyo nta buryo bwihariye bwo kwishyiriraho, sensor irashobora kandi gushyirwaho mumasanduku yo kugabura, ariko ntishobora kugira ingaruka kumuzunguruko nyamukuru w'amashanyarazi.Intera runaka igomba kubikwa kure hashoboka, kandi hagomba kubaho ibimenyetso bigaragara.
9. Kwishyiriraho sensor ntigomba gusenya ubusugire bwumurongo ukurikiranwa, kandi ntibigomba kongera umurongo uhuza.
Ubuhanga bwubwubatsi bwibikoresho byumuriro Sisitemu yo gukurikirana ingufu
1. Inzira zitemba
Imyiteguro ibanziriza iyubakwa → Gutanga no gukoresha insinga installation Gukurikirana igenamigambi installation Kwishyiriraho Sensor ground Gushiraho sisitemu → Gukoresha training Amahugurwa ya sisitemu no gutanga
2. Imirimo yo kwitegura mbere yo kubaka
1. Kubaka sisitemu bigomba gukorwa nishami ryubwubatsi rifite urwego rwujuje ibyangombwa.
2. Kwishyiriraho sisitemu bigomba gukorwa nababigize umwuga.
3. Kubaka sisitemu bizakorwa hubahirijwe ibyangombwa byubushakashatsi byemewe na gahunda ya tekiniki yubwubatsi, kandi ntibishobora guhinduka uko bishakiye.Iyo ari nkenerwa rwose guhindura igishushanyo, igice cyambere cyo gushushanya kizaba gifite inshingano zo guhinduka kandi kizasuzumwa nishirahamwe rishinzwe gushushanya.
4. Kubaka sisitemu bigomba gutegurwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa kandi byemejwe nishami rishinzwe kugenzura.Ahantu hubakwa hagomba kuba hakenewe amahame ya tekiniki yubwubatsi, uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga neza ubwubatsi hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwumushinga.Kandi igomba kuzuza ahazubakwa inyandiko zubugenzuzi bwubuziranenge ukurikije ibisabwa kumugereka B.
5. Ibikurikira bigomba kubahirizwa mbere yo kubaka sisitemu:
(1) Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba gusobanura ibyangombwa bya tekiniki bijyanye n’ubwubatsi, ubwubatsi n’ubugenzuzi;
(2) Igishushanyo cya sisitemu, gahunda y'ibikoresho, igishushanyo mbonera, igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibyangombwa bya tekiniki bikenewe;
(3) Ibikoresho bya sisitemu, ibikoresho nibikoresho byuzuye kandi birashobora kwemeza kubaka bisanzwe;
(4) Amazi, amashanyarazi na gaze bikoreshwa ahazubakwa no mubwubatsi bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisanzwe byubwubatsi.
6. Kwishyiriraho sisitemu bigomba kugenzurwa ubuziranenge bwibikorwa byubwubatsi hakurikijwe ingingo zikurikira:
(1) Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwa buri gikorwa bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe ibipimo bya tekiniki yo kubaka.Nyuma yuko buri gikorwa kirangiye, kigomba kugenzurwa, kandi inzira ikurikira irashobora kwinjizwa gusa nyuma yo gutsinda igenzura;
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(4) Nyuma yo kurangiza gahunda yo kubaka sisitemu, ishyaka ryubaka rigenzura kandi ikemera ubwiza bwa sisitemu;
(5) Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho sisitemu irangiye, ishami ryubwubatsi rizabikemura hakurikijwe amabwiriza;
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(7) Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwubwubatsi no kwemerwa byuzuzwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa Umugereka C.
7. Nyiri uburenganzira bwumutungo winyubako agomba gushyiraho no kubika ibyashizweho hamwe nibizamini bya buri sensor muri sisitemu.
3. Kugenzura ahakorerwa ibikoresho nibikoresho
1. Mbere yo kubaka sisitemu, ibikoresho, ibikoresho nibikoresho bigomba kugenzurwa ahabigenewe.Kwakira ikibanza bigomba kuba byanditse hamwe n'umukono w'abitabiriye amahugurwa, kandi bigashyirwaho umukono kandi bikemezwa na injeniyeri ubishinzwe cyangwa ishami ry’ubwubatsi;Koresha.
2. Iyo ibikoresho, ibikoresho nibikoresho byinjiye ahazubakwa, hagomba kubaho inyandiko nkurutonde rwigenzura, imfashanyigisho, inyandiko zemeza ubuziranenge, na raporo yubugenzuzi bwikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge.Ibicuruzwa byemewe (kwemererwa) ibicuruzwa muri sisitemu bigomba no kuba bifite ibyemezo (accreditation) hamwe nibimenyetso (accreditation).
3. Ibikoresho nyamukuru bya sisitemu bigomba kuba ibicuruzwa byatsinze icyemezo cyigihugu (kwemeza).Izina ryibicuruzwa, icyitegererezo nibisobanuro bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa nigishushanyo mbonera.
4. Izina ryibicuruzwa, icyitegererezo hamwe nibisobanuro byerekana ibyemezo bitemewe (byemewe) muri sisitemu bigomba kuba bihuye na raporo yubugenzuzi.
5. Ntabwo hagomba kubaho ibishushanyo bigaragara, burrs nibindi byangiritse byububiko hejuru yibikoresho bya sisitemu nibindi bikoresho, kandi ibice byo gufunga ntibigomba kurekurwa.
6. Ibisobanuro hamwe nicyitegererezo cyibikoresho bya sisitemu nibindi bikoresho bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa.
Icya kane, insinga
1. Amashanyarazi ya sisitemu agomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa murwego rwigihugu "Kode yo Kwemerera Ubwiza Bwubwubatsi Bwubaka Amashanyarazi Yubatswe" GB50303.
2. Urudodo ruri mu miyoboro cyangwa umutiba rugomba gukorwa nyuma yo kurangiza kubaka plasta nubutaka.Mbere yo gutobora, amazi yegeranijwe hamwe nizuba mu muyoboro cyangwa mumitiba bigomba kuvaho.
3. Sisitemu igomba kuba insinga zitandukanye.Imirongo yingero zinyuranye za voltage nibyiciro bitandukanye muri sisitemu ntigomba gushyirwa mumuyoboro umwe cyangwa mumwanya umwe wumugozi winsinga.
4. Ntihakagombye kubaho ingingo cyangwa inkingi mugihe insinga ziri mumiyoboro cyangwa mumitiba.Umuhuza winsinga agomba kugurishwa mumasanduku ahuza cyangwa ahujwe na terefone.
5. Umunwa hamwe nuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro yashyizwe ahantu h'umukungugu cyangwa ahantu huzuye hagomba gufungwa.
6. Iyo umuyoboro urenze uburebure bukurikira, hagomba gushyirwaho agasanduku gahuza aho guhuza byoroshye:
(1) Iyo uburebure bwumuyoboro burenze 30m utunamye;
(2) Iyo uburebure bw'umuyoboro burenze 20m, habaho kugorama;
(3) Iyo uburebure bwumuyoboro burenze 10m, habaho kugoreka 2;
(4) Iyo uburebure bwumuyoboro burenze 8m, habaho kugoreka 3.
7. Iyo umuyoboro ushyizwe mu gasanduku, uruhande rw'inyuma rw'agasanduku rugomba gutwikirwa n'imbuto zifunze, naho uruhande rw'imbere rugomba kuba rufite izamu.Iyo urambitse mu gisenge, imbere n'inyuma by'agasanduku bigomba gutwikirwa n'imbuto zifunze.
8. Iyo ushyize imiyoboro inyuranye hamwe ninsinga zinsinga mugisenge, nibyiza gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye kugirango uzamure cyangwa ubikosore hamwe ninkunga.Diameter yubushuhe bwikibaho ntigishobora kuba munsi ya 6mm.
9. Ingingo zo guterura cyangwa kuzuza zigomba gushyirwaho intera ya 1.0m kugeza kuri 1.5m ku gice kigororotse cy'igiti, kandi ingingo zo guterura cyangwa kuzunguruka nazo zigomba gushyirwaho ku myanya ikurikira:
(1) Ku gihuru cy'umutiba;
(2) 0.2m kure yisanduku ihuza;
(3) Icyerekezo cyicyuma cyinsinga cyahinduwe cyangwa kuruhande.
10. Imigozi yerekana insinga igomba kuba igororotse kandi ifatanye, kandi igifuniko cyahantu hagomba kuba cyuzuye, kiringaniye, kandi kitarangwamo inguni.Iyo ushyizwe kumurongo, igifuniko cyahantu hagomba kuba byoroshye gufungura.
11. Iyo umuyoboro unyuze mu bice byo guhindura inyubako (harimo aho gutura, guhuza kwaguka, guhuza imitingito, nibindi), hagomba gufatwa ingamba zindishyi, kandi abayobora bagomba gushyirwaho kumpande zombi zifatanije na deforme hamwe n’imipaka ikwiye. .
12. Nyuma yuko insinga za sisitemu zimaze gushyirwaho, kurwanya insinga za buri cyerekezo bigomba gupimwa na megohmmeter 500V, kandi kurwanya insulasiyo kubutaka ntibigomba kuba munsi ya 20MΩ.
13. Insinga mumushinga umwe zigomba gutandukanywa namabara atandukanye ukurikije imikoreshereze itandukanye, kandi amabara yinsinga kugirango akoreshwe kimwe agomba kuba amwe.Inkingi nziza yumurongo wamashanyarazi igomba kuba umutuku naho inkingi mbi igomba kuba ubururu cyangwa umukara.
Gatanu, kwishyiriraho monitor
1. Iyo monitor yashizwe kurukuta, uburebure bwuruhande rwo hasi kuva hasi (hasi) bigomba kuba 1,3m ~ 1.5m, intera yuruhande hafi yumurongo wumuryango ntigomba kuba munsi ya 0.5m uvuye kurukuta, intera ikora imbere ntigomba kuba munsi ya 1,2m;
2. Iyo ushyize hasi, inkombe yo hepfo igomba kuba 0.1m-0.2m hejuru yubutaka (hasi).kandi wujuje ibisabwa bikurikira:
(1) Intera ikora imbere yikibaho cyibikoresho: ntigomba kuba munsi ya 1.5m mugihe itunganijwe kumurongo umwe;ntigomba kuba munsi ya 2m mugihe itunganijwe kumurongo ibiri;
(2) Kuruhande aho abakozi bari mukazi bakorera, intera kuva kumwanya wibikoresho kugeza kurukuta ntigomba kuba munsi ya 3m;
(3) Intera yo kubungabunga inyuma yumwanya wibikoresho ntigomba kuba munsi ya 1m;
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3. Monitor igomba gushyirwaho neza kandi ntigomba kugororwa.Ingamba zo gushimangira zigomba gufatwa mugihe ushyira kurukuta ruto.
4. Intsinga cyangwa insinga byinjijwe muri monitor bigomba kuba byujuje ibi bikurikira:
(1) Amashanyarazi agomba kuba meza, akirinda kwambuka, kandi agomba gukosorwa neza;
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(3) Kuri buri terefone yubuyobozi bwa terefone (cyangwa umurongo), umubare wiring ntugomba kurenza 2;
(4) Hagomba kubaho intera iri munsi ya 200mm ya kabili na wire;
(5) Intsinga zigomba guhambirirwa hamwe;
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5. Birabujijwe rwose gukoresha icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi kumurongo wingenzi wa enterineti, kandi kigomba guhuzwa neza n’amashanyarazi;amashanyarazi nyamukuru agomba kugira ikimenyetso gihoraho kigaragara.
6. Umugozi wubutaka (PE) wa monitor ugomba kuba ushikamye kandi ufite ibimenyetso bihoraho.
7. Terminal ifite urwego rutandukanye rwa voltage, ibyiciro bitandukanye byubu nibikorwa bitandukanye muri monitor bigomba gutandukana kandi bikarangwamo ibimenyetso bigaragara.
6. Kwinjiza sensor
1. Kwishyiriraho sensor bigomba gutekereza neza uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi nurwego rwo gutanga amashanyarazi.
2. Rukuruzi hamwe nuyobora ubuzima bwambaye ubusa bigomba kwemeza intera itekanye, kandi sensor hamwe nicyuma kigomba guhagarara neza.
3. Birabujijwe gushiraho sensor utabanje guhagarika amashanyarazi.
4. Ibyuma bifata ibyuma mukarere kamwe bigomba gushyirwa hagati mumasanduku ya sensor, bigashyirwa hafi yisanduku yo kugabura, kandi bigashyirwa kumurongo woguhuza hamwe nagasanduku.
5. Rukuruzi (cyangwa agasanduku k'icyuma) igomba gushyigikirwa yigenga cyangwa igashyirwaho, igashyirwaho neza, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo gukumira ubushuhe no kwangirika.
6. Umuyoboro uhuza ibisohoka byumuzunguruko wa sensor bigomba gukoresha umugozi uhindagurika wumuringa wumuringa hamwe nu gice cyambukiranya igice kitarenze 1.0mm².Kandi igomba gusiga intera iri munsi ya 150mm, iherezo rigomba gushyirwaho neza.
7. Iyo nta miterere yihariye yo kwishyiriraho, sensor irashobora kandi gushyirwaho mumasanduku yo kugabura, ariko ntishobora kugira ingaruka kumuzunguruko nyamukuru w'amashanyarazi.Intera runaka igomba kubikwa kure hashoboka, kandi hagomba kubaho ibimenyetso bigaragara.
8. Kwishyiriraho sensor ntigomba gusenya ubusugire bwumurongo ukurikiranwa, kandi ntibigomba kongera umurongo uhuza.
9. Ingano ya AC ya transformateur nigishushanyo mbonera
7. Gushingira kuri sisitemu
1. Igikonoshwa cyicyuma cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi birwanya umuriro hamwe n’amashanyarazi ya AC hamwe n’amashanyarazi ya DC hejuru ya 36V bigomba kugira uburinzi bw’ubutaka, kandi insinga zayo zigomba guhuzwa n’igiti cyo gukingira amashanyarazi (PE).
2. Nyuma yo kubaka igikoresho cyo hasi kirangiye, guhangana nubutaka bigomba gupimwa kandi bikandikwa nkuko bisabwa.
Umunani, ibikoresho byumuriro sisitemu yo gukurikirana ingufu urugero igishushanyo
Amakosa asanzwe ya sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu z'ibikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro
1. Igice cyakiriwe
(1) Ubwoko bw'amakosa: kunanirwa kw'imbaraga nyamukuru
impamvu y'ikibazo:
a.Amashanyarazi nyamukuru yangiritse;
b.Imbaraga nyamukuru ihinduranya iyo host ikora.
Uburyo:
a.Reba niba hari umurongo mugufi mumurongo, hanyuma usimbuze fuse nibipimo bihuye.
b.Zimya amashanyarazi nyamukuru ya host.
(2) Ubwoko bw'amakosa: gutsindira imbaraga kunanirwa
impamvu y'ikibazo:
a.Amashanyarazi yinyuma fuse yangiritse;
b.Ububasha bwo gusubira inyuma ntibufungura;
c.Guhuza nabi kwa bateri yinyuma;
d.Batare yangiritse cyangwa ikibaho cyumuzunguruko wamashanyarazi cyangiritse.
Uburyo:
a.Simbuza power power fuse;
b.Fungura kuri backup power power;
c.Ongera uhagarike insinga za batiri hanyuma uhuze;
d.Koresha multimeter kugirango urebe niba hari voltage kumurongo mwiza kandi mubi wa bateri yinyuma, hanyuma ukore charge cyangwa gusimbuza batiri ukurikije icyerekezo cya voltage.
(3) Ubwoko bw'amakosa: ntibushobora gukuramo
impamvu y'ikibazo:
a.Amashanyarazi ntaho ahuriye cyangwa amashanyarazi ntayifunguye
b.Fuse yangiritse
c.Ikibaho cyo guhindura amashanyarazi cyangiritse
Uburyo:
a.Koresha multimeter kugirango urebe niba itumanaho ryamashanyarazi ari voltage yinjiza, niba atariyo, fungura kuri switch ya bikwirakwiza.Nyuma yo kuyifungura, reba niba voltage yujuje agaciro kakazi ka host host, hanyuma uyifungure nyuma yo kwemeza ko aribyo.
b.Reba niba hari ikosa rigufi ryumurongo mumashanyarazi.Nyuma yo kugenzura umurongo umurongo, simbuza fuse nibipimo bihuye.
C. Kuramo ibyasohotse byubuyobozi bwimbaraga, reba niba hari voltage yinjirira muri enterineti kandi niba fuse yangiritse.Niba atari byo, simbuza imbaraga zo guhindura imbaraga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-26-2022