Intangiriro yumuriro

Incamake

Icyuma kizimya umuriro nigikoresho gikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gutabaza yumuriro kugirango ikingire umuriro kugirango ibone aho ibone no kubona umuriro.Ikimenyetso cyo kuzimya umuriro ni "sens organisme" ya sisitemu, kandi imikorere yacyo ni ugukurikirana niba hari umuriro mubidukikije.Iyo habaye umuriro, ubwinshi bwumubiri uranga umuriro, nkubushyuhe, umwotsi, gaze nubushyuhe bwimirasire, bihinduka mubyuma byamashanyarazi, kandi ikimenyetso cyo gutabaza cyoherejwe mugenzuzi wumuriro ako kanya.

Wihame rya orking

Ikintu cyunvikana: Mugice cyo kubaka icyuma kizimya umuriro, ikintu cyoroshye gishobora guhindura ubwinshi bwumubiri wumuriro mubimenyetso byamashanyarazi.

Umuzunguruko: Ongera ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi byahinduwe nibintu byoroshye hanyuma ubitunganyirize mubimenyetso bisabwa numugenzuzi wumuriro.

1. Inzira yo guhindura

Ihindura ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi byasohotse mubintu byunvikana mubimenyetso byo gutabaza hamwe na amplitude runaka kandi bijyanye nibisabwa numugenzuzi wumuriro.Mubisanzwe harimo guhuza imiyoboro, imiyoboro ya amplifier hamwe ninzira zinjira.Ibice byumuzunguruko byihariye biterwa nubwoko bwibimenyetso bikoreshwa na sisitemu yo gutabaza, nka voltage cyangwa ibimenyetso byintambwe igezweho, ibimenyetso bya pulse, ibimenyetso byikurikiranwa ryikimenyetso na signal ya digitale.

2. Inzira yo kurwanya interineti

Bitewe n’ibidukikije byo hanze, nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko wumuyaga, umurima ukomeye wa electromagnetiki, urumuri rwubukorikori nibindi bintu, imikorere isanzwe yubwoko butandukanye bwa disiketi izagira ingaruka, cyangwa ibimenyetso byibinyoma birashobora guterwa no gutabaza ibinyoma.Kubwibyo, detector igomba kuba ifite ibikoresho birwanya anti-jamming kugirango irusheho kwizerwa.Bikunze gukoreshwa ni akayunguruzo, gutinda kumuzunguruko, guhuza imirongo, inzitizi zindishyi, nibindi.

3. kurinda uruziga

Byakoreshejwe mugukurikirana disikete no kunanirwa kumurongo.Reba niba ibizamini byumuzingi, ibice nibigize bimeze neza, ukurikirane niba detector ikora bisanzwe;reba niba umurongo wohereza ari ibisanzwe (nko kumenya niba insinga ihuza hagati ya detector na mugenzuzi wumuriro uhuza).Igizwe n'umuzunguruko wo kugenzura no kugenzura.

4. Kwerekana uruziga

Byakoreshejwe kwerekana niba detector ikora.Deteter imaze kwimuka, igomba gutanga ibimenyetso byerekana wenyine.Ubu bwoko bwo kwikorera-busanzwe bugaragaza urumuri rwibimenyetso rwibikorwa kuri detector, aribyo bita urumuri rwo kwemeza.

5. Umuzunguruko

Ikoreshwa mukurangiza amashanyarazi hagati yumuriro wumuriro nu mugenzuzi wumuriro, ibyinjira nibisohoka byikimenyetso, no kurinda detekeri kwangirika kubera amakosa yo kwishyiriraho.

Nuburyo bwa mashini ya detector.Igikorwa cyayo ni uguhuza ibice nkibintu byunvikana, imbaho ​​zacapwe zumuzunguruko, uhuza, amatara yemeza hamwe nugufunga muri kimwe, kugirango habeho imbaraga zumukanishi no kugera kumikorere yihariye yamashanyarazi, kugirango wirinde ibidukikije nkisoko yumucyo, urumuri Inkomoko, Imirasire yizuba, umukungugu, umwuka, umuyaga mwinshi wa electroniki ya magnetiki nizindi kwivanga no gusenya imbaraga za mashini.

Agusaba

Sisitemu yo gutabaza yumuriro igizwe na disikete yumuriro hamwe nu mugenzuzi wumuriro.Iyo habaye umuriro, ubwinshi bwumubiri uranga umuriro, nkubushyuhe, umwotsi, gaze nubushyuhe bwurumuri rwinshi, bihinduka mubimenyetso byamashanyarazi hanyuma bigahita byohereza ikimenyetso cyo gutabaza umugenzuzi wumuriro.Mugihe cyakongoka kandi giturika, icyuma kizimya umuriro kigaragaza cyane cyane imyuka ya gaze mumwanya ukikije, hamwe no gutabaza mbere yuko kwibumbira hamwe bigera kumupaka wo hasi.Mu bihe bitandukanye, ibyuma bizimya umuriro birashobora kandi kumenya umuvuduko numuvuduko wamajwi.

Ibyiciro

.Irashobora kandi kugabanywa mubice byerekana ubushyuhe bwumuriro - ibyuma bifata umuriro byitabira iyo ubushyuhe bugeze cyangwa burenze agaciro kateganijwe;itandukanyirizo ryubushyuhe butandukanye busubiza mugihe igipimo cyo gushyuha kirenze agaciro kateganijwe: icyuma gitandukanya ubushyuhe butandukanye - Ikimenyetso cyumuriro cyerekana ubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe butandukanye hamwe nibikorwa byubushyuhe burigihe.Bitewe no gukoresha ibice bitandukanye byunvikana, nka thermistors, thermocouples, bimetals, ibyuma byoroshye, agasanduku ka membrane hamwe na semiconductor, hashobora kuvamo ibyuma bitandukanye byerekana umuriro.

.Kubera ko ishobora kumenya ubunini bwa aerosole cyangwa ibice byumwotsi byakozwe mugihe cyambere cyo gutwika ibintu, ibihugu bimwe byita ibyuma byangiza umwotsi "gushakisha hakiri kare".Ibice bya aerosol cyangwa umwotsi birashobora guhindura ubukana bwumucyo, kugabanya imiyoboro ya ionic mucyumba cya ionisation no guhindura ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya semiconductor ya electrolytike ihoraho.Kubwibyo, ibyuma byerekana umwotsi birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa ion, ubwoko bwamafoto, ubwoko bwa capacitive nubwoko bwa semiconductor.Muri byo, ibyuma bifata umwotsi w’amashanyarazi birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko bugabanya urumuri (ukoresheje ihame ryo guhagarika inzira yumucyo nuduce twumwotsi) nubwoko bwa astigmatism (ukoresheje ihame ryo gukwirakwiza urumuri nuduce twumwotsi).

.Nicyuma kizimya umuriro gisubiza infragre, ultraviolet, numucyo ugaragara ucanwa numuriro.Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwubwoko bwa infrared flame nubwoko bwa ultraviolet.

.Mubihe byokongoka kandi biturika, ubunini bwa gaze (umukungugu) buragaragara cyane, kandi impuruza ihindurwa mugihe iyo yibanze ari 1 / 5-1 / 6 byumubare muto.Ibintu byunvikana bikoreshwa mugushakisha gaze kugirango bamenye gazi (ivumbi) cyane cyane harimo insinga ya platine, diyama palladium (ibintu byirabura n'umweru) hamwe na semiconductor yicyuma (nka okiside yicyuma, kristu ya perovskite na spinel).

.Hano hari cyane cyane ibyuma byerekana ubushyuhe bwumwotsi, ibyuma bifata umwotsi wamafoto, ibyuma bifata umuriro byerekana ubushyuhe, nibindi.

Igitabo cyo gutoranya

1. Ahantu henshi muri rusange, nkibyumba byamahoteri, amazu yubucuruzi, inyubako zo mu biro, nibindi, hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma byerekana umwotsi w’umwotsi, kandi hagomba guhitamo ibyuma bifata umwotsi w’amashanyarazi.Mubihe bifite umwotsi mwinshi wumukara, hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma byerekana umwotsi.

2. Ahantu hadakwiriye gushyirwaho cyangwa gushiraho ibyuma byerekana umwotsi bishobora gutera impuruza zitari zo, cyangwa ahaboneka umwotsi muke nubushyuhe bwihuse bwihuse mugihe umuriro ubaye, hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma bifata umuriro nkibikoresho byubushyuhe cyangwa umuriro.

3. Mu bibanza birebire, nk'ahantu ho kumurikwa, mu cyumba cyo gutegereza, mu mahugurwa maremare, n'ibindi, muri rusange hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma bifata umwotsi wa infragre.Mugihe ibintu bibyemerewe, nibyiza ko ubihuza na sisitemu yo kugenzura televiziyo, hanyuma ugahitamo ibyuma byerekana umuriro byerekana amashusho (ibyuma bibiri byerekana umuriro, ibyuma byangiza umwotsi)

4. Ahantu h’ingenzi cyangwa h’ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n’umuriro hakenewe kumenyekana hakiri kare, nkicyumba cyingenzi cyitumanaho, icyumba kinini cya mudasobwa, laboratoire ihuza amashanyarazi (microwave darkroom), ububiko bunini bwa metero eshatu, nibindi, nibyiza gukoresha ibyiyumvo byinshi.Imiyoboro yimyuka yumuyaga.

5. Ahantu hagaragara neza ko impuruza iri hejuru, cyangwa impuruza y'ibinyoma izatera igihombo, icyuma gipima ibintu (ubushyuhe bwumwotsi, umwotsi wumwotsi, nibindi) bigomba guhitamo.

6. Ahantu hagomba guhuzwa no kugenzura kuzimya umuriro, nko kugenzura kuzimya umuriro w’icyumba cya mudasobwa, kugenzura kuzimya umuriro w’umwuzure, n’ibindi, hagamijwe gukumira imikorere mibi, hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma bibiri cyangwa byinshi byerekana inzugi n’inzugi. kugenzura kuzimya umuriro, nko kumenya ubwoko bwumwotsi.Kandi ibyuma bifata ubushyuhe, umwotsi wibiti bya infragre hamwe nubushakashatsi bwubushyuhe bwa kabili, umwotsi numuriro wa flame, nibindi.

7. Mu biyaga binini aho agace kamenyekana kadasabwa gukoreshwa nk'ahantu ho gutabaza mu buryo burambuye, nk'igaraje, n'ibindi, kugira ngo uzigame ishoramari, hagomba gutoranywa ibyuma byerekana aderesi ya aderesi, kandi abashakashatsi benshi basangiye aderesi imwe .

8. Dukurikije “Code of Design of Garage, Gusana Garage na Parikingi” hamwe n’ibisabwa muri iki gihe kugira ngo ibipimo by’imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kugira ngo bigerweho hakiri kare, hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma byerekana umwotsi mu igaraje rihumeka neza, ariko ni byo ngombwa kugirango ushyireho ibyuma byerekana umwotsi.Bishyizwe kumurongo wo hasi.

Ahantu hamwe usanga umwanya ari muto kandi ubucucike bwaka ni bwinshi, nko munsi ya etage ya electrostatike, imiyoboro ya kabili, amariba ya kabili, nibindi, insinga zumva ubushyuhe zirashobora gukoreshwa.

Maintenance

Deteter imaze gukoreshwa mumyaka 2, igomba guhanagurwa buri myaka 3.Noneho dufashe urugero rwa ion detector, urugero, umukungugu uri mukirere ufata hejuru yisoko ya radioaktiw hamwe nicyumba cya ionisiyoneri, bigabanya intege za ion mucyumba cya ionisiyoneri, bizatuma detekeri ikunda gutabaza.Inkomoko ya radiyoyoka izagenda yangirika buhoro, kandi niba isoko ya radio ikora mucyumba cya ionisiyoneri yangiritse cyane kuruta isoko ya radiyoyakiya mu cyumba cyerekanirwamo, disiketi izaba ikunze gutabaza ibinyoma;muburyo bunyuranye, gutabaza bizatinda cyangwa ntibitere ubwoba.Byongeye kandi, ibipimo bya drift yibikoresho bya elegitoronike muri detector ntibishobora kwirengagizwa, kandi icyuma gisukuye kigomba guhindurwa mumashanyarazi kandi kigahinduka.Kubwibyo, nyuma yo guhindura inkomoko, gusukura, no guhindura ibipimo byamashanyarazi ya detector, kandi indangagaciro yayo igera kumurongo wibikoresho bishya iyo ivuye muruganda, ibyo bikoresho bisukuye birashobora gusimburwa.Kubwibyo, kugirango tumenye neza ko disiketi ishobora gukora bisanzwe igihe kirekire, birakenewe cyane kohereza disiketi mu ruganda rukora isuku rwumwuga kugirango ruvugurure kandi rusukure.

Ibintu bikeneye kwitabwaho

1. Kora inyandiko ya aderesi yipima umwotsi wapimwe, kugirango wirinde kwipimisha inshuro imwe;

2. Muburyo bwo kongeramo ikizamini cyumwotsi, andika gutinda gutabaza kwa detector, kandi ukoresheje incamake yanyuma, usobanukirwe muri rusange uko akazi kerekana ibyuma byerekana umwotsi muri sitasiyo yose, iyo ikaba ari intambwe ikurikira niba ugomba kumenya icyuma cyerekana umwotsi.Tanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko igikoresho gisukuye;

3. Mugihe c'ikizamini, hagomba kugenzurwa niba aderesi yerekana umwotsi wukuri, kugirango wongere uhindure aderesi yumushakashatsi wumwotsi ufite aderesi nicyumba bidahuye numubare mugihe, kugirango wirinde amabwiriza atariyo kugenzura hagati mugihe cyo gutabara ibiza.icyumba.

TRoubleshooting

Ubwa mbere, kubera ihumana ry’ibidukikije (nkumukungugu, umwotsi wamavuta, imyuka yamazi), cyane cyane nyuma y’umwanda w’ibidukikije, umwotsi cyangwa ibyuma byerekana ubushyuhe birashoboka cyane ko bitera impuruza zitari nziza mu gihe cyizuba.Uburyo bwo kuvura ni ugukuraho umwotsi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwerekana ubushyuhe bwatewe ubwoba n’ibidukikije, no kubohereza ku bakora ibikoresho by’isuku babigize umwuga kugira ngo basukure kandi bongere bashireho.

Icya kabiri, impuruza y'ibinyoma itangwa kubera kunanirwa kwizunguruka ryumwotsi cyangwa icyuma gipima ubushyuhe ubwacyo.Igisubizo nugusimbuza umwotsi mushya cyangwa icyuma gipima ubushyuhe.

Icya gatatu nuko impuruza ibeshya ibaho kubera umuzunguruko mugufi kumurongo wumwotsi cyangwa icyuma gipima ubushyuhe.Uburyo bwo gutunganya ni ukugenzura umurongo ujyanye nikibazo, hanyuma ugashaka umwanya muto wumuzingi wo gutunganya.