1. Agaciro kongerewe inganda munganda zikoreshwa mubushinwa zikomeje kwiyongera
Ibikoresho ni igikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutahura, gupima, kwitegereza, no kubara ibintu bitandukanye bifatika, ibice bigize ibikoresho, ibipimo bifatika, nibindi. Nkurikije “National Economic Classification” iheruka gusohoka muri 2017, ibikoresho na metero mu nganda zikora ibikoresho cyane harimo ibikoresho bya optique, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi na metero, ibikoresho bya sisitemu yo kugenzura inganda zikoresha, ibikoresho byo gutwara no kubara ibikoresho, nibindi.
Inganda zikoreshwa mu byiciro
Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare, kuva mu 2012 kugeza 2020, agaciro kongerewe mu nganda n’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’igihugu cyanjye byagaragaje ko byiyongera uko umwaka utashye.Muri 2019, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’agaciro kiyongereye mu nganda wageze ku 10.5%.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Kanama 2020, nyuma y’icyorezo kimaze kugenzurwa neza, inganda zaragarutse buhoro buhoro, kandi umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’agaciro kiyongereye mu nganda wagarutse ku kigero cya 1.5%.
Impinduka mu mwaka-mwaka w’ubwiyongere bw’inganda zongerewe agaciro mu nganda zikora ibikoresho by’Ubushinwa kuva mu 2012 kugeza mu mezi umunani ya mbere ya 2020.
2. Ahanini bishingiye kubikoresho bigenzura inganda
Urebye impinduka z’amafaranga yinjira mu mishinga arenga igipimo cy’ibikoresho, kuva mu 2016 kugeza 2018, amafaranga yinjira mu nganda yagabanutse uko umwaka utashye, kandi yongera kwiyongera muri 2019, agera kuri miliyari 724.3, yiyongereyeho 5.5% muri 2018 Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira 2020, amafaranga y’inganda yinjije agera kuri miliyari 577.1, yiyongereyeho 2,7% mu gihe kimwe cya 2019.
Imibare no kuzamuka kwinjiza ibikorwa byinganda zikoreshwa mubushinwa hejuru yubunini bwagenwe mumezi 10 yambere ya 2016-2020.
Dufatiye ku byiciro by'isoko, muri 2019, ibikoresho bya sisitemu yo kugenzura inganda zifite uruhare runini ku isoko mu nganda zikora ibikoresho, hamwe n’isoko rya 34.68%;hakurikiraho ibikoresho bya optique nibikoresho byamashanyarazi, hamwe nisoko ryayo byari 11,50% na 9,64%.
Imibare yisoko ryamasoko yinganda zikora ibikoresho byubushinwa muri 2019.
3. Igikorwa cyibiciro kirahagaze neza
Nk’uko bigaragara mu cyegeranyo cy’ibikoresho by’Ubushinwa n’ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, kuva ku ya 30 Nzeri 2016 kugeza 2020, igiciro cy’ibikoresho mu gihugu cyanjye cyari gihagaze neza, kandi igipimo cy’ibiciro cyahindutse hagati ya 108-112.Ku ya 30 Nzeri 2020, igipimo cy’ibiciro by’igihugu cyanjye cyari 109.91.
Ushaka ubushakashatsi nisesengura ry’inganda, nyamuneka reba “Raporo yo Gushishoza no Gushora mu Isesengura Ry’isesengura Raporo y’inganda zidasanzwe z’Ubushinwa” n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mu nganda za Qianzhan.Muri icyo gihe, Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’inganda cya Qianzhan gitanga kandi amakuru manini y’inganda, igenamigambi ry’inganda, imenyekanisha ry’inganda, igenamigambi ry’inganda, guteza imbere ishoramari n’ibindi bisubizo.
Isoko ryibikoresho byamashanyarazi riragenda ryiyongera, kandi iterambere ryibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru nicyo kintu cyambere.
Mu myaka yashize, kungukirwa na politiki nziza nko guteza imbere inganda z’amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyanjye, guhindura amashanyarazi mu mijyi no mu cyaro no kubaka amashanyarazi meza, ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi byabaye imwe mu nzego ziyongera cyane mu nganda z’ibikoresho by’igihugu cyanjye.
Ibicuruzwa bikoresha amashanyarazi birimo metero yingufu zamashanyarazi, ibikoresho bya digitale, ibikoresho byo gufata amajwi, ibikoresho bya AC na DC, ibikoresho byo gupima magnetiki, imashini itanga amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byo kugenzura amashanyarazi na sisitemu, ibikoresho bya kalibrasi, ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi, imicungire yimashanyarazi hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura imizigo, itari- Ibikoresho byo gupima amashanyarazi na sisitemu, nibindi
Urwego rwa serivisi rwibikoresho byamashanyarazi rurimo ibice bitandukanye byubukungu bwigihugu no kubaka ingabo zigihugu.Ingano ikoreshwa ikubiyemo ingufu z'amashanyarazi, metallurgie, ubwikorezi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, peteroli, imashini zikora inganda n’inganda, ndetse n'uburezi, ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, ubwubatsi bwa gisirikare, ubuvuzi n'ubuzima, kurengera ibidukikije, gupima bisanzwe n'ibindi.Nishami ryingirakamaro cyane mubikorwa byinganda.
Isoko ryo hepfo riratera imbere byihuse, kandi isoko ryibikoresho byamashanyarazi "biriyongera".
Mu myaka yashize, kubera ko igihugu gikeneye ingufu nshya zisukuye nk'ingufu za kirimbuzi, amashanyarazi, ingufu z'izuba, n'ingufu z'umuyaga bikomeje kwiyongera, iterambere ry'ingufu nshya n'inganda nshya ryazanye amahirwe yo guteza imbere ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi.Dufashe urugero rw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba nk'urugero, ibikoresho bitandukanye na metero zitandukanye nka DC metero nyinshi zikora na metero zihuza.
Dukurikije imibare y’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi bw’ubushakashatsi bw’inganda, ubushobozi bw’umwaka buri mwaka bwashyizweho n’amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyanjye buzagera kuri 5.000MW muri 2020, naho ubushobozi bwo gushyira hamwe bukaba 28.500MW.Umwaka ukenera ibikoresho bidasanzwe byamashanyarazi bizagera kuri 840.000, naho ubushobozi bwisoko rusange buzagera kuri miliyoni 34.26.Byakoreshejwe mukuzamuka guturika.
Bitewe niterambere ryisoko ryo hepfo, icyifuzo cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi na metero bikomeje kwiyongera, kandi umusaruro wibikoresho byamashanyarazi na metero bikomeje kwiyongera.Amakuru yerekana ko muri 2019, umusaruro w’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi na metero bigera kuri miliyoni 287.53, byiyongereyeho 30.03% muri 2018.
Ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hasi na byo hagati biratera imbere byombi, kandi ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ntibihagije.
Nyuma yimyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo yiterambere, uruganda rwanjye rukoresha ibikoresho byamashanyarazi rwashizeho urwego rwinganda rwisi yose, hamwe n’isoko ryo hejuru ku isoko, amasosiyete menshi mu nganda, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byinshi by’ikoranabuhanga rifite ubuziranenge kandi biri hejuru intangiriro.Ibicuruzwa muri rusange byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga.Muri icyo gihe, kwibanda ku mishinga yagiye ikomeza kunozwa, igipimo cyagiye cyiyongera, kandi irushanwa ry’ibanze mu guhatanira amasoko ryarushijeho kwiyongera, kandi ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byagaragaye mu bihugu byinshi.
Ku bijyanye n’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hasi, ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro n’ikoranabuhanga ryo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyanjye bigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane, ariko iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru biracyahagije, kandi haracyari icyuho runaka n’urwego rwa tekiniki y'ibicuruzwa mu bihugu byateye imbere, bivuze ko ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyanjye Hariho amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko mu nganda zikoreshwa.
Hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’inganda zikoreshwa n’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi ku isi, igihugu cyanjye, nk’umusaruro ukomeye w’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi ku isi, cyongereye ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga uko umwaka utashye, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byakomeje kwiyongera.Ntakibazo kijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga, ubuziranenge cyangwa ubushobozi bwo gukora, irashobora kwitabira byimazeyo amarushanwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Ariko muri rusange, haracyari icyuho kiri hagati y’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyanjye n’urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rugezweho ku isi.Gusa mugutanga inkunga ikomeye mubijyanye na politiki n’amafaranga, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya nkurubuga, no kubaka inganda zikoreshwa n’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku isi zifite aho zitangirira kandi zujuje ubuziranenge, dushobora kugabanya icyuho n’urwego rwateye imbere ku isi kandi tukabigiramo uruhare mu marushanwa yo ku rwego rwo hejuru ku isi.
Inyigisho ya 9 yicyiciro cya gatatu cy "IMAC Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Classroom", yibanda ku guhanga udushya no gushakisha imikorere yubukorikori bwubwenge mubikorwa byinganda.
Ku ya 13 Ukuboza 2020, inyigisho ya cyenda y’icyiciro cya gatatu cy '“IMAC Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Classroom” yateguwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zikora inganda mu ishyirahamwe ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa (IMAC) ryatangajwe ku buryo bushimishije.Muri iki kiganiro, Bwana Zhang Haodong, umuyobozi mukuru wa Chongqing Chuanyi Automation Co., Ltd. guha imbaraga Digitalisation yinganda-Gukora Ubwenge Inyigisho nziza kubijyanye no guhanga udushya no gushakisha.Aya masomo yakiriwe neza kandi yitabiriwe nabari aho, abantu barenga 3.800 bareba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-21-2022